Electrical Properties of Material
Electrical Properties of Material
- To understand basic electrical property of the engineering materials.
- Define electrical properties of a material such as electrical conductivity,semi- and super-conductivity, resistivity and their importance in calculation of resistance.
- To understand the energy-band model for electrical conduction in materials.
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Resistivity Electrical resistivity (also known as resistivity, specific electrical resistance, or volume resistivity) is an intrinsic property that quantifies how strongly a given material opposes the flow of electric current.
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Electrical conductivity Electrical conductivity or specific conductance is the reciprocal of electrical resistivity, and measures a material’s ability to conduct an electric current.
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An isotropic material has identical values of a property in all directions. An opposite behaviour will be referred as anisotropic behaviour. Wood is an example of anisotropic material.
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Allotropy is the property to exist in two or more different forms. Graphite and diamonds are allotropes of Carbon. Pure iron can exist in three different forms alpha iron, gamma from and delta iron depending upon the temperature.